The History of Encryption
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A substitution cipher. Either you can shift to the right or to left by any number of spaces you like.
Single alphabet substitution cipher.
In this scheme, you select multiple numbers by which to shift letters (that is, multiple substitution alphabets).
A type of transposition cipher.
A tc a dw
ta k ta nBecomes: atcadwtaktan
Vigenère is a polyalphabetic cipher and uses multiple substitutions in order to disrupt letter and word frequency.
The Enigma is a sort of mechanical polyalphabetic cipher. The operator of the Enigma machine would be given a message in plaintext and then type that message into Enigma. For each letter that was typed in, Enigma would provide a different ciphertext based on a different substitution alphabet. The recipient would type in the ciphertext, getting out the plaintext, provided both Enigma machines had the same rotor settings.
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